Oxindole synthesis via polar–radical crossover of ketene-derived amide enolates in a formal [3 + 2] cycloaddition

Abstract

Herein we introduce a simple, efficient and transition-metal free method for the preparation of valuable and sterically hindered 3,3-disubstituted oxindoles via polar–radical crossover of ketene derived amide enolates. Various easily accessible N-alkyl and N-arylanilines are added to disubstituted ketenes and the resulting amide enolates undergo upon single electron transfer oxidation a homolytic aromatic substitution (HAS) to provide 3,3-disubstituted oxindoles in good to excellent yields. A variety of substituted anilines and a 3-amino pyridine engage in this oxidative formal [3 + 2] cycloaddition and cyclic ketenes provide spirooxindoles. Both substrates and reagents are readily available and tolerance to functional groups is broad.