Issue 27, 2022

Bis(catecholato)germane: an effective catalyst for Friedel–Crafts alkylation reaction

Abstract

Bis(catecholato)germane, [Ge(C6H4O2)2(H2O)2] (1), was synthesized by the reaction of catechol and germanium oxide in water according to a reported method. Complex 1 was characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Complex 1 was employed as a Lewis acid catalyst in the Friedel–Crafts alkylation reaction of indole with various aldehydes and β-nitrostyrene derivatives separately. The yield of the product for the formation of bis(indolyl)alkanes and nitroalkylated indoles was up to 95% and 96%, respectively. These observations confirmed the catalytic efficacy of complex 1 as a Lewis acid in both reactions. Based on the experimental findings, a plausible mechanism is proposed for both reactions.

Graphical abstract: Bis(catecholato)germane: an effective catalyst for Friedel–Crafts alkylation reaction

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
02 Jun 2022
Accepted
21 Jun 2022
First published
21 Jun 2022

Dalton Trans., 2022,51, 10587-10594

Bis(catecholato)germane: an effective catalyst for Friedel–Crafts alkylation reaction

D. Basu and H. P. Nayek, Dalton Trans., 2022, 51, 10587 DOI: 10.1039/D2DT01721K

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