Issue 18, 2021

Si-Gly-CD-PdNPs as a hybrid heterogeneous catalyst for environmentally friendly continuous flow Sonogashira cross-coupling

Abstract

We have reported a waste-minimized protocol for the Sonogashira cross-coupling exploiting the safe use of a CPME/water azeotropic mixture and the utilization of a heterogeneous hybrid palladium catalyst supported onto a silica/β-cyclodextrin matrix in continuous flow. The use of the aq CPME azeotrope has proven to be crucial to enhance the catalyst performance including very low metal leaching. In addition, we have also completed the flow protocol by setting a downstream in-line liquid/liquid separation that allows the continuous recovery and reuse of the CPME fraction leading to consistent waste reduction. Finally, E-factor distribution and safety/hazard analysis have been performed highlighting the chemical and environmental efficiency of our protocol.

Graphical abstract: Si-Gly-CD-PdNPs as a hybrid heterogeneous catalyst for environmentally friendly continuous flow Sonogashira cross-coupling

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
13 Jul 2021
Accepted
11 Aug 2021
First published
11 Aug 2021

Green Chem., 2021,23, 7210-7218

Si-Gly-CD-PdNPs as a hybrid heterogeneous catalyst for environmentally friendly continuous flow Sonogashira cross-coupling

F. Ferlin, D. Sciosci, F. Valentini, J. Menzio, G. Cravotto, K. Martina and L. Vaccaro, Green Chem., 2021, 23, 7210 DOI: 10.1039/D1GC02490F

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