Common ion effect enhanced Prussian blue analogues for aqueous ammonium ion storage

Abstract

In order to meet the growing demand of energy storage for the power grid, aqueous NH₄⁺ batteries are attracting increasing attention as a promising alternative due to their environmental significance, abundant resources, and fast diffusion ability. In this work, FeFe(CN)₆ (FeHCF) is synthesized as a cathode material for aqueous NH₄⁺ batteries and Fe₂(SO₄)₃ is utilized as a kind of functional additive in the electrolyte based on the “common ion effect” to enhance its electrochemical performance. The results indicate that the initial capacity of FeHCF is about 80 mA h g⁻¹ with a coulombic efficiency of 97.8%. The retention rate can attain 96.3% within nearly 1000 cycles. Multivariate analysis methods are carried out to characterize the mechanism of FeHCF in aqueous NH₄⁺ batteries. From the practical standpoint, FeHCF has outstanding cycling stability and rate capability, making it feasible to be applied in the power grid.