Copper/silver co-mediated three-component bicyclization for accessing indeno[1,2-c]azepine-3,6-diones

Abstract

A new copper/silver-co-mediated three-component bicyclization of benzene-linked 1,6-enynes with ICF₂CO₂Et with TMSN₃ was reported, and used to produce a wide range of hitherto unreported difluorinated tetrahydroindeno[1,2-c]azepine-3,6-diones with moderate to good yields. The mechanistic pathway consists of radical-induced 1,6-addition–cyclization, oxidative addition, reductive elimination, nitrene insertion and N–O cleavage, resulting in continuous multiple bond-forming events including C–C and C–N bonds to build up a 6/5/7 tricyclic framework.