Ultrasensitive micro/nanocrack-based graphene nanowall strain sensors derived from the substrate's Poisson's ratio effect

Hongyan Sun; Chen Ye; Gang Zhao; Huan Zhang; Zhiduo Liu; Wen Dai; Junjie Wang; Fakhr E. Alam; Qingwei Yan; Xinming Li; Jian Xu; Chin-Yin Chen; Pei Zhao; Jichun Ye; Nan Jiang; Ding Chen; Sudong Wu; Jing Kong; Cheng-Te Lin

doi:10.1039/D0TA02878A

Ultrasensitive micro/nanocrack-based graphene nanowall strain sensors derived from the substrate's Poisson's ratio effect†

Hongyan Sun,^abc Chen Ye,^ab Gang Zhao,^d Huan Zhang,^d Zhiduo Liu,^a Wen Dai,

^ab Junjie Wang,

^d Fakhr E. Alam,^e Qingwei Yan,^a Xinming Li,

^f Jian Xu,^d Chin-Yin Chen,^d Pei Zhao,

^g Jichun Ye,

^d Nan Jiang,^a Ding Chen,

*^h Sudong Wu,*ⁱ Jing Kong^j and Cheng-Te Lin

*^ab

Author affiliations

* Corresponding authors

^a Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
E-mail: linzhengde@nimte.ac.cn

^b Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China

^c Bionic Sensing and Intelligence Center (BSIC), Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China

^d Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China

^e Department of Physics, University of Wah, Quaid Avenue, Wah Cantt, Pakistan

^f Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China

^g Center for X-Mechanics and Institute of Applied Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310012, P. R. China

^h State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
E-mail: chending@hnu.edu.cn

ⁱ Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
E-mail: wusd@sustech.edu.cn

^j Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA

Abstract

Highly sensitive wearable strain sensors based on graphene and its derivatives have shown great potential to be applied in home monitoring and electronic skin. To date, it still remains a technical challenge to achieve a reliable performance with high responsiveness at a small elastic strain for graphene strain sensors. Here we demonstrate the fabrication of micro/nanocrack-based strain sensors by using a porous thin film composed of graphene nanowalls (GNWs), which showed ultrahigh sensitivity with a gauge factor up to ≈8.6 × 10⁴ at 4% strain. The ultrahigh gauge factor at such a small deformation can be attributed to the synergistic effect of micro/nanocrack evolution of GNW building blocks derived from the substrate's Poisson's ratio effect. This working mechanism is distinct from the general case where the cracks were created in an initially continuous film. The wearable GNW strain sensors were functionally presented as audio analog-to-digital converters for acoustic signature recognition and electronic skin devices to monitor physiological signals from the human body at high resolution.

Journal of Materials Chemistry A

Ultrasensitive micro/nanocrack-based graphene nanowall strain sensors derived from the substrate's Poisson's ratio effect†

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Ultrasensitive micro/nanocrack-based graphene nanowall strain sensors derived from the substrate's Poisson's ratio effect

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