Design, characterization, and application of elemental 2D materials for electrochemical energy storage, sensing, and catalysis

Abstract

Elemental 2D materials have emerged as promising candidates for electrochemical applications that require miniaturized devices and superior performance. These atomically thin materials are derived primarily from bulk-layered materials that consist of strong in-plane covalent bonding and weak interlayer van der Waals bonding. Their large surface areas, high degrees of variability in structure, and electronic properties make them distinctly superior for energy storage systems (ESSs). This review introduces elemental 2D nanomaterials and describes their properties and electrochemical applications such as gas sensing, catalysis, and ESS. This paper also highlights promising routes for the synthesis and characterization of elemental 2D materials.