Enhanced catalytic peroxymonosulfate activation over carbon shells encapsulating cobalt ferrite via radical and nonradical routes

Abstract

Well-defined carbon shells encapsulating CoFe₂O₄ deliver superior performance in catalytic PMS activation for organics degradation with a reaction rate constant of 0.269 min⁻¹, 4.7 times the hollow CoFe₂O₄ and 2.7 times the solid carbon sphere encapsulated one. This is attributed to the comprehensive effects of the Co²⁺ and CO active sites for free radical and nonradical mechanisms. The nanostructured materials outperformed most of the carbon- or cobalt–iron-based catalysts.