Two-dimensional porous silicon nanosheets as anode materials for high performance lithium-ion batteries

Abstract

In this paper, silicon nanosheets (Si-NSs) are chemically synthesized by using graphene oxide nanosheets as the template. The obtained Si-NSs, which are aggregations of silicon nanocrystals with a size of ∼10 nm, are applied directly as the anode material for lithium ion batteries, delivering a reversible capacity of 800 mA h g⁻¹ after 900 cycles at a rate as high as 8400 mA g⁻¹. Ex situ measurements and in situ observations show the positive effect of the mesoporous structure on the structural stability of Si-NSs. The evolution and survivability of the porous structures during lithiation and delithiation processes are investigated by molecular dynamics simulations, demonstrating that the porous structure can enhance the amount of “active” Li atoms during the stable stage of cycling and therefore promote mass capacity. The longer the survival of the porous structure, the longer the high mass capacity can be retained.