Issue 2, 2019

Porous tal palm carbon nanosheets: preparation, characterization and application for the simultaneous determination of dopamine and uric acid

Abstract

A novel porous tal palm carbon nanosheet (PTPCN) material was synthesized from the leaves of Borassus flabellifer (tal palm) and used for developing an electrochemical sensor through modifying a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) simply by drop-casting on it a solution of the material for the sensitive simultaneous detection of dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA), even in the presence of interfering species. The drop-casting solution was prepared by simply dispersing the PTPCNs in ethanol without using any other binding materials (e.g. Nafion). The surface morphologies of the PTPCNs were studied through field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high resolution TEM (HRTEM). Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XPS) studies revealed the chemical composition of the PTPCNs' surface. Their structural properties were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis confirmed the surface area and pore volume to be 1094.53 m2 g−1 and 0.74 cm3 g−1, respectively, while Barrett–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) pore-size distribution showed the average pore size to be 22 nm. The sufficiently large surface area and pore-size distribution suggested better electrocatalytic properties compared to the average modifying materials. The modified electrode (PTPCNs/GCE) was characterized through impedimetric and CV techniques in standard potassium ferricyanide solution for evaluating their charge-transfer resistance and electrochemical properties. The limits of detection (S/N = 3) were 0.17 μM and 0.078 μM and the sensitivities were 1.2057 μA μM−1 cm−2 and 2.693 μA μM−1 cm−2 for UA and DA, respectively. The possible interactions that took place between the PTPCNs and the analytes that aided in the enhancement of the electroanalytical performance of the PTPCNs/GCE are discussed based on the experimental findings and established theoretical concepts. The PTPCNs/GCE was successfully employed for analyzing real samples, like dopamine injection and urine.

Graphical abstract: Porous tal palm carbon nanosheets: preparation, characterization and application for the simultaneous determination of dopamine and uric acid

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
14 Jul 2018
Accepted
03 Oct 2018
First published
04 Oct 2018
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY-NC license

Nanoscale Adv., 2019,1, 613-626

Porous tal palm carbon nanosheets: preparation, characterization and application for the simultaneous determination of dopamine and uric acid

A. J. S. Ahammad, N. Odhikari, S. S. Shah, Md. M. Hasan, T. Islam, P. R. Pal, M. A. Ahmed Qasem and Md. A. Aziz, Nanoscale Adv., 2019, 1, 613 DOI: 10.1039/C8NA00090E

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