Synthesis of novel fluorescent copper nanomaterials and their application in detection of iodide ions and catalysis

Abstract

In this work, polydimethyldiallylammonium chloride (PDDA) was used as a template and protective agent to synthesize high-fluorescence copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) at high temperature and high pressure. The high-fluorescence CuNPs were characterized by fluorescence spectroscopy (FL), ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy (UV-vis), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy spectrum analysis (EDS), Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The fluorescence of CuNPs can be effectively quenched based on iodide, so high-fluorescence CuNPs were used as a fluorescent probe to detect iodine ions. The degree of fluorescence quenching of CuNPs showed a linear relationship (R = 0.9820) when the iodine concentration was 1–100 μmol L⁻¹, and the minimum detection limit was 0.45 μmol L⁻¹ (S/N = 3). The iodine ion was selected by high-fluorescence CuNPs, and the iodine ions in the actual water samples were detected. Based on this, the ultra-sensitive and unmarked detection of iodide was completed. In addition, we found that the copper nanomaterials also have catalytic ability to accelerate the reduction of methylene blue dye by phenylhydrazine.