Issue 40, 2019, Issue in Progress

Direct extraction of astaxanthin from the microalgae Haematococcus pluvialis using liquid–liquid chromatography

Abstract

The microalgae Haematococcus pluvialis (H. pluvialis) is used for biotechnological production of the red carotenoid astaxanthin. Astaxanthin synthesis involves the formation of a rigid cell wall that impedes direct astaxanthin extraction into a solvent. During the subsequent downstream processing, the algal broth is harvested by centrifugation, dried and mechanically disrupted; finally, astaxanthin is extracted with supercritical CO2. In this study, an alternative extraction process was established, using a liquid–liquid chromatographic column to directly extract astaxanthin from the fermentation broth into a solvent. To achieve this, germination of H. pluvialis cyst cells was initiated, resulting in the release of flagellated zoospores into the fermentation broth. It was shown that astaxanthin could be extracted from the zoospores directly from the algal broth using different solvents; with ethyl acetate, yields reaching 85% were achieved in a shake-flask extraction. Using a liquid–liquid chromatographic column, astaxanthin concentrations reaching 500 mg L−1 were obtained, corresponding to eightfold concentration of the astaxanthin content in the fermentation broth. The mechanical cell disruption, drying and extraction with supercritical CO2 in the conventional astaxanthin production can be replaced by a direct astaxanthin extraction process, using a liquid–liquid chromatographic column. This allows direct astaxanthin extraction at the site of H. pluvialis production.

Graphical abstract: Direct extraction of astaxanthin from the microalgae Haematococcus pluvialis using liquid–liquid chromatography

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
01 May 2019
Accepted
13 Jul 2019
First published
23 Jul 2019
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY-NC license

RSC Adv., 2019,9, 22779-22789

Direct extraction of astaxanthin from the microalgae Haematococcus pluvialis using liquid–liquid chromatography

A. Bauer and M. Minceva, RSC Adv., 2019, 9, 22779 DOI: 10.1039/C9RA03263K

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