Sodium phosphate synthesis through glycerol purification and its utilization for biodiesel production from dairy scum oil to economize production cost

Abstract

In the present study, sodium phosphate was synthesized through glycerol purification. The as-synthesized sodium phosphate was characterized and effectively utilized as a heterogeneous base catalyst for biodiesel production from dairy waste scum oil. In addition, sodium phosphate was synthesized from crude glycerol and the same can be used for biodiesel production, which is economically beneficial. Further, the maximum dairy scum oil methyl ester (DSOME/biodiesel) yield of 97.7% was achieved under optimum conditions of 11 : 1 molar ratio, 4 wt% catalyst loading, 65 °C temperature and 60 min reaction time with stirring at 700 rpm. The activation energy (E_a) of the transesterification reaction was found to be 35.56 kJ mol⁻¹.