Issue 9, 2018

(−)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) inhibits starch digestion and improves glucose homeostasis through direct or indirect activation of PXR/CAR-mediated phase II metabolism in diabetic mice

Abstract

As a major component of green tea, (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) has attracted interest from scientists owing to its potential to combat a variety of human diseases including abnormal glucose metabolism in obesity and diabetes. This study aims to (1) evaluate the molecular mechanism of EGCG in starch digestion before EGCG absorption; (2) investigate the link between PXR/CAR-mediated phase II metabolism and glucose homeostasis after EGCG is transported to small intestine and liver. EGCG suppressed starch hydrolysis both in vitro and in vivo. Molecular simulation results demonstrated that EGCG could bind to the active site of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, acting as an inhibitor. In addition, the anti-diabetic action of EGCG was investigated in high fat diet and STZ-induced type 2 diabetes. EGCG improved glucose homeostasis and inhibited the process of gluconeogenesis (PEPCK and G-6-Pase) and lipogenesis (SREBP-1C, FAS and ACC1) in the liver. Meanwhile, EGCG treatment activated PXR/CAR, accompanied by upgrading PXR/CAR-mediated phase II drug metabolism enzyme expression in small intestine and liver, involving SULT1A1, UGT1A1 and SULT2B1b. Dietary polyphenol EGCG could serve as a promising PXR/CAR activator and therapeutic intervention in diabetes.

Graphical abstract: (−)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) inhibits starch digestion and improves glucose homeostasis through direct or indirect activation of PXR/CAR-mediated phase II metabolism in diabetic mice

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
29 Jun 2018
Accepted
10 Aug 2018
First published
14 Aug 2018

Food Funct., 2018,9, 4651-4663

(−)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) inhibits starch digestion and improves glucose homeostasis through direct or indirect activation of PXR/CAR-mediated phase II metabolism in diabetic mice

X. Li, S. Li, M. Chen, J. Wang, B. Xie and Z. Sun, Food Funct., 2018, 9, 4651 DOI: 10.1039/C8FO01293H

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