Issue 10, 2018

Determination of hexabromocyclododecane in soil by supercritical fluid extraction and gas chromatography mass spectrometry

Abstract

A method using supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and gas chromatography (GC) mass spectrometry (MS) was established to analyze hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), a brominated flame retardant, in soil. The HBCD spiked in simulated soil was extracted by SFE with optimized operating parameters and GC-MS/LC-MS was employed to detect the target analyte. The experimental results indicated that the optimum extraction conditions were 50 °C, 25 MPa, and 6 min static and 18 min dynamic extraction with 20% (v/v) modified ethanol–2% Triton X-114. The highest extraction efficiency of HBCD with optimal parameters could reach 98.9%. The differences among Soxhlet extraction, ultrasonic-assisted extraction and SFE were investigated. In comparison with other extraction methods, SFE could not only improve the extraction efficiency and shorten the extraction time but could also easily remove the extracted impurities. Furthermore, the established analytical method was applied to detect HBCD in field soils and the average concentration in real soil samples was 0.96 mg kg−1. This work provides an efficient, rapid and easy way to conduct the extraction and detection of HBCD in soil.

Graphical abstract: Determination of hexabromocyclododecane in soil by supercritical fluid extraction and gas chromatography mass spectrometry

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
04 Jan 2018
Accepted
28 Jan 2018
First published
29 Jan 2018

Anal. Methods, 2018,10, 1181-1189

Determination of hexabromocyclododecane in soil by supercritical fluid extraction and gas chromatography mass spectrometry

X. Wang, X. Zhang, Z. Wang, Y. Chen, X. Li and Z. Cui, Anal. Methods, 2018, 10, 1181 DOI: 10.1039/C8AY00018B

To request permission to reproduce material from this article, please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.

If you are an author contributing to an RSC publication, you do not need to request permission provided correct acknowledgement is given.

If you are the author of this article, you do not need to request permission to reproduce figures and diagrams provided correct acknowledgement is given. If you want to reproduce the whole article in a third-party publication (excluding your thesis/dissertation for which permission is not required) please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.

Read more about how to correctly acknowledge RSC content.

Social activity

Spotlight

Advertisements