Deep oxidative desulfurization catalyzed by (NH4)xH4−xPMo11VO40 (x = 1, 2, 3, 4) using O2 as an oxidant

Abstract

NH₄⁺ doped PMoV composites catalytic materials are successfully prepared. The NH₄⁺ doped H₄PMo₁₁VO₄₀ composites have been tested as highly efficient catalysts in the ultra-deep desulfurization of fuel oils. The reaction conditions are optimized by testing the load of NH₄⁺, temperature, O₂ flow velocity, and DBT concentrations. The optimal reaction conditions are given as follows: 0.1 g (NH₄)₃HPMo₁₁VO₄₀ as catalyst, reaction time 2 h, O₂ flow velocity 100 mL min⁻¹, and reaction temperature 120 °C, with a conversion of DBT reaching up to 100% in 90 min, and this catalyst could be used more than five times without significant loss of activity.