Dark current reduction strategies using edge-on aligned donor polymers for high detectivity and responsivity organic photodetectors

Abstract

We synthesized the conjugated polymers PT2OBT, PVT2OBT, and PFBT2OBT for use in organic photodetecting devices. An octyloxy benzothiadiazole (OBT) moiety was used as a weak electron-accepting building block in the polymer system to cause the dominant absorption in the green-light region via weakening the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) interactions between adjacent electron-donating moieties. In particular, indirect X-ray detection using a scintillator requires a low leakage current; thus, we focused on designing a molecular structure that can enhance the detectivity. The difluorobenzene-incorporated PFBT2OBT polymer showed a strong edge-on orientation both in the pristine film and in the blend film; however, PT2OBT and PVT2OBT have no preferred molecular orientation in the blend film. In the edge-on structure, the alkyl side chains of PFBT2OBT align on the surface of the electrode, forming an insulating layer, which decreases the tunneling leakage current, whereas in the latter cases, the interface between the semiconducting polymer backbone and PC₇₀BM can come into contact with the electrode, forming a pathway for the leakage current. Consequently, the PFBT2OBT:PC₇₀BM devices showed promising detectivities of over 10¹³ Jones over a wide range of reverse biases of up to −2 V, resulting from their low dark current density of less than 2.3 × 10⁻⁹ A cm⁻².