An electrochemical sensor for the simultaneous determination of rifampicin and isoniazid using a C-dots@CuFe2O4 nanocomposite modified carbon paste electrode

Abstract

In this study, a sensitive carbon paste electrode based on a novel nanocomposite of carbon dots/CuFe₂O₄ (C-dots@CuFe₂O₄) was developed for the simultaneous determination of rifampicin (RIF) and isoniazid (INZ). The morphological and structural properties of the C-dots@CuFe₂O₄ were well characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Under the optimized conditions, the voltammetric current increased linearly on increasing the concentration of RIF and INZ in the range of 0.07 to 8.0 and 0.1 to 14.0 μmol L⁻¹, respectively. Moreover, the detection limits for the analytes were calculated to be 0.022 μmol L⁻¹ for RIF and 0.041 μmol L⁻¹ for INZ based on 3S_b/m. The practical applicability of the proposed sensor was examined by evaluating the detection of RIF and INZ in biological fluids and pharmaceutical samples with satisfactory recoveries. The C-dots@CuFe₂O₄/CPE can hold great promise for fast, simple and sensitive detection of RIF and INZ in various real samples.