An ultra-sensitive 2D electrochemical sensor based on a PtNPs@graphene/Nafion nanocomposite for determination of α1-AR antagonist silodosin in human plasma

Abstract

This paper reports a platinum nanoparticles/graphene/Nafion nanocomposite (PtNPs@GRP/NFN) as a novel and highly sensitive two-dimensional (2D) sensing nanoplatform for the electrochemical determination of silodosin (SLN). The electrochemical behavior of SLN was investigated at the proposed sensor (PtNPs@GRP/NFN/GCE) using adsorptive stripping differential pulse voltammetry (AdsDPV). The PtNPs@GRP nanocomposite was synthesized effectively from graphene oxide (GO) and Pt salt by a single-step chemical reduction method. The morphology and structure of the PtNPs@GRP nanocomposite were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Electrochemical characterization was also performed by cyclic voltammetry (CV) at the PtNPs@GRP/NFN/GCE. The sensor exhibited extraordinary electrochemical activity towards the SLN at nanomolar levels. Under optimal conditions, a sufficiently linear calibration curve in the range of 1.8–290.0 nM with an extremely low detection limit of 0.55 nM (S/N = 3) was obtained at the PtNPs@GRP/NFN/GCE. This sensor was successfully applied to determine the content of SLN in human plasma with satisfactory results.