Novel dinitromethyl-featured polynitro energetic salts

Abstract

A unique and facile method was developed to synthesize a new class of energetic salts based on 2-amino-1,1,5,5-tetranitro-4-oxo-3-aza-pentene. All the salts were fully characterized by NMR (¹H and ¹³C), IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Furthermore, the crystal structure of the guanidinium salt (5) was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results showed that the decomposition temperatures of these salts were between 126.2 °C (10) and 148.8 °C (9). The densities of these salts lie in the range of 1.745 (8) to 1.880 (4) g cm⁻³. Their impact sensitivities and friction sensitivities were measured to be in the range of 1–16 J and 48–84 N, respectively. All the salts exhibited promising detonation performances (detonation pressure: 28.6 to 34.3 GPa; detonation velocity: 8037 to 8674 m s⁻¹), and the detonation performances of salt 4 were comparable to those of RDX.