Issue 1, 2015

3-Nitro-1-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-amine (HANTT) and its energetic salts: highly thermally stable energetic materials with low sensitivity

Abstract

A new family of nitrogen-rich energetic salts based on 3-nitro-1-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-amine (HANTT) were synthesized and characterized by 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The crystal structures of neutral HANTT (2), its guanidinium salt (3), and 1,5-diamino-tetrazolium salt (9) were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. All energetic salts exhibit excellent thermal stabilities with decomposition temperatures ranging within 264–321 °C and are insensitive to impact, friction and electrostatic discharge. The densities of salts 3–10 ranged from 1.65 g cm−3 to 1.81 g cm−3. Theoretical performance calculations (Gaussian 03 and EXPLO5) provided detonation pressures and velocities for the energetic salts within the ranges of 22.6–32.6 GPa and 7742–8779 m s−1, respectively, making them competitive energetic materials.

Graphical abstract: 3-Nitro-1-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-amine (HANTT) and its energetic salts: highly thermally stable energetic materials with low sensitivity

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
09 Aug 2014
Accepted
08 Sep 2014
First published
08 Sep 2014

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2015,3, 163-169

Author version available

3-Nitro-1-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-amine (HANTT) and its energetic salts: highly thermally stable energetic materials with low sensitivity

C. Bian, M. Zhang, C. Li and Z. Zhou, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2015, 3, 163 DOI: 10.1039/C4TA04107K

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