Synthesis and catalytic activity of homoleptic lanthanide-tris(cyclopropylethinyl)amidinates

Abstract

Reactions of anhydrous lanthanide trichlorides, LnCl₃ (Ln = Nd, Sm, Ho), with 3 equiv. of lithium-cyclopropylethinylamidinates, Li[c-C₃H₅–CC–C(NR)₂] (1a: R = cyclohexyl (Cy), 1b: R = ⁱPr), afforded the new homoleptic lanthanide(III) tris(cyclopropylethinylamidinate) complexes [c-C₃H₅–CC–C(NCy)₂]₃Sm (2a) and [c-C₃H₅–CC–C(NⁱPr)₂]₃Ln (Ln = Nd (2b), Sm (2c), Ho (2d)) as air- and moisture-sensitive crystalline solids in moderate to good isolated yields (45–79%). The formation of unsolvated, homoleptic Ln(III) tris(cyclopropylethinylamidinate) was confirmed by an X-ray diffraction study of the holmium derivative [c-C₃H₅–CC–C(NⁱPr)₂]₃Ho (2d). EI mass spectra of the new rare-earth metal amidinates indicated a significant volatility. An initial catalysis study revealed that these complexes catalyze the addition of terminal alkynes to carbodiimides to give propiolamidines of the type R–CC–C(NR′)(NHR′). The molecular structure of N,N′-dicyclohexyl-phenylpropiolamidine, Ph–CC–C(NCy)(NHCy) (4), was also determined by X-ray diffraction.