An integrated carbon entrapped molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) electrode for voltammetric detection of resveratrol in wine

Abstract

A carbon entrapped molecularly imprinted polymer (CEMIP) electrode has been demonstrated as a sensitive and selective voltammetric sensor for the in situ detection of resveratrol in red wine. Using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), the CEMIP was compared to the carbon entrapped non-imprinted polymer (CENIP), with the resveratrol imprinted format found to be 12 times more sensitive for the detection of resveratrol. The CEMIP and CENIP had a detection limit of 20 and ∼100 μg L⁻¹, respectively, with both electrodes giving good linear standard addition calibrations with R² ≥ 0.99 for concentrations between 0.1 and 5 mg L⁻¹, which is the usual occurrence range of resveratrol in wine. Compared to the conventional carbon MIP composite (CMIPC), the CEMIP platform was 2.7 orders of magnitude more sensitive, which is attributed to the better electron transfer and unhindered access of the analyte to the responsive sites within the imprinted polymer. The CMIPC was only ∼2.5 times more sensitive than the CNIPC. The %RSD for CEMIP and CMIPC for ∼5.0 mg L⁻¹ of resveratrol in spiked wine was determined to be 3.2% and 5.1%, respectively.