Electrodeposited CoSn2 on nickel open-cell foam: advancing towards high power lithium ion and sodium ion batteries
Abstract
Amorphous Co–Sn alloy was co-electroplated on a three-dimensional framework of nickel foam and then CoSn2 phase was formed after annealing at 200 °C. It is observed that short electrodeposition times favour a higher x-value in the resulting CoSnx alloy. Low current densities and short electrodeposition times favour the formation of discrete submicrometric particles (Volmer–Weber model). The morphology of the electrode allows achieving high areal and gravimetric capacity values under high rates of charge–discharge in Li cells. The observed areal capacity values are in the range between 0.2 and 6 mAh cm−2, depending on the cycling rate and the mass of electrodeposited alloy. For electrodes with short electrodeposition time and Volmer–Weber model, the response to high charge–discharge rates is excellent and the gravimetric capacity is around 800 mAh g−1.