Temperature-dependent enhancement of oxygen reduction reaction activity for interconnected nitrogen-doped carbon shells

Abstract

Interconnected carbon shells with a high nitrogen-doped level were synthesized by a green self-assembly route. The synthesized carbon shells exhibited considerably enhanced oxygen reduction activities compared to those of commercial Pt/C catalysts (20% Pt) and Pt-doped carbon capsules, and even N-doped graphene/carbon nanotubes, and their electrocatalytic activities were highly dependent on their annealing temperature.