A single-valve sequential injection manifold (SV-SIA) for automation of air-assisted liquid-phase microextraction: stopped flow spectrophotometric determination of chromium(vi)

Abstract

A single-valve sequential injection setup is suggested for automation of an air-assisted liquid-phase microextraction. In order to eliminate parasitic signals, the stopped flow detection mode was employed. The aqueous phase (1.5 mL), containing chromium(VI), chloride ions (0.6 mol L⁻¹), sulphuric acid (0.07 mol L⁻¹) and dimethyl indocarbocyanine dye (1.33 × 10⁻⁴ mol L⁻¹), was dispensed into the extraction chamber and was followed by moderate injection of a 250 μL organic phase and intense mixing by multiple air bubbling. The extraction phase was then submitted for stopped flow UV-Vis spectrophotometric detection at 560 nm wavelength. The calibration plot was linear up to 104 μg L⁻¹ of chromium(VI). The limit of detection, calculated as 3s of a blank test (n = 10), was found to be 4.5 μg L⁻¹. The developed procedure was applied for the determination of Cr(VI) in various water samples.