Bi2O3 or Bi6S2O15nanowires? The role of templating inorganic additives in nanomaterials formation

Abstract

The role of templating sulfate anions in the hydrothermal formation of nanowires from Bi₂O₃ and K₂SO₄ is critically discussed on the basis of X-ray diffraction patterns, electron microscopy studies and ion exchange experiments. Thorough analytical investigations of the obtained nanowires together with mechanistic information from in situ studies indicate that sulfate ions are structurally incorporated into the product, thereby transforming the bismuth oxide precursors into a new material. We present an in-depth analysis of structural data in order to point out potential pitfalls of inorganic additives as templates in solution.