Manual shaking-enhanced, ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction (MS-USAEME) combined with ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) with UV detection has been developed for the determination of five endocrine-disrupting phenols (EDPs) in seawater samples and detergent samples: 4-tert-butylphenol (4-t-BP), 4-cumylphenol (4-CP), 4-tert-octylphenol (4-t-OP), 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol (2,4-di-t-BP) and 4-nonylphenol (4-NP). Optimum conditions were found to be: 25 ΞΌL 1-bromohexadecane as extraction solvent, 5 mL of aqueous sample and 1 g of NaCl to control the ionic strength; manual shaking for 10 s; ultrasonication for 1 min; centrifugation for 3 min at 5000 rpm (speed). For MS-USAEME, manual shaking for 10 s is essential for effective extraction when the ultrasonic extraction time is as brief as 1 min. The small volume of aqueous sample enhances the effect of manual shaking significantly. For seawater samples, the limit of detection (LOD) was 0.5β2.8 ng mLβ1, the limit of quantification (LOQ) was 1.8β9.3 ng mLβ1 with the relative standard deviation (RSD) in the range 4.2β10.3%. For detergent samples, the LOD was 0.4β2.4 ng mLβ1, LOQ was 1.6β8.2 ng mLβ1 and RSD 4.7β10.0%. The relative recovery was 96β109% for seawater samples and 81β106% for the detergent samples.
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