Water vapour uptake and extrusion by a crystalline metallorganic solid based on half-sandwich Ru(ii) building-blocks

Abstract

The X-ray structure of the half-sandwich Ru(II) complex [(p-cymene)Ru(κN-INA)Cl₂] (INA = isonicotinic acid) (1α) does not show the expected cyclic dimerization of the carboxylic functions of INA. The good hydrogen bond accepting character of the chloride ligand in fact, leads to the formation of Ru–Cl⋯HOOC intermolecular hydrogen bonded chains. Interestingly, 1α quickly converts into the hydrated form [(p-cymene)Ru(κN-INA)Cl₂]H₂O (1·H₂O) once exposed to water vapours through a heterogeneous solid-gas reaction. In the X-ray structure of 1·H₂O two water molecules bridge two carboxylic functions of two different organometallic entities, giving rise to a R⁴₄(12) cyclic dimer. The 1α to 1·H₂O transformation occurs smoothly even when the first is exposed to vapours of absolute ethanol, whose water content is not higher than 0.2%. The thermally induced dehydration of 1·H₂O does not give 1α back, but rather it leads to a not yet defined transient species (1γ) which finally transforms into a polymorphic form of 1α, whose solid state structure has been solved by X-ray powder diffraction analysis (1β).