Issue 13, 2009

Fluorescence-activated droplet sorting (FADS): efficient microfluidic cell sorting based on enzymatic activity

Abstract

We describe a highly efficient microfluidic fluorescence-activated droplet sorter (FADS) combining many of the advantages of microtitre-plate screening and traditional fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Single cells are compartmentalized in emulsion droplets, which can be sorted using dielectrophoresis in a fluorescence-activated manner (as in FACS) at rates up to 2000 droplets s−1. To validate the system, mixtures of E. colicells, expressing either the reporter enzyme β-galactosidase or an inactive variant, were compartmentalized with a fluorogenic substrate and sorted at rates of ∼300 droplets s−1. The false positive error rate of the sorter at this throughput was <1 in 104 droplets. Analysis of the sorted cells revealed that the primary limit to enrichment was the co-encapsulation of E. colicells, not sorting errors: a theoretical model based on the Poisson distribution accurately predicted the observed enrichment values using the starting cell density (cells per droplet) and the ratio of active to inactive cells. When the cells were encapsulated at low density (∼1 cell for every 50 droplets), sorting was very efficient and all of the recovered cells were the active strain. In addition, single active droplets were sorted and cells were successfully recovered.

Graphical abstract: Fluorescence-activated droplet sorting (FADS): efficient microfluidic cell sorting based on enzymatic activity

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
05 Feb 2009
Accepted
14 Apr 2009
First published
23 Apr 2009

Lab Chip, 2009,9, 1850-1858

Fluorescence-activated droplet sorting (FADS): efficient microfluidic cell sorting based on enzymatic activity

J. Baret, O. J. Miller, V. Taly, M. Ryckelynck, A. El-Harrak, L. Frenz, C. Rick, M. L. Samuels, J. B. Hutchison, J. J. Agresti, D. R. Link, D. A. Weitz and A. D. Griffiths, Lab Chip, 2009, 9, 1850 DOI: 10.1039/B902504A

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