Cloud point extraction to avoid interferences by structured background on nickel determination in plant materials by FAAS

Abstract

An analytical procedure based on microwave-assisted digestion with diluted acid and a double cloud point extraction is proposed for nickel determination in plant materials by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Extraction in micellar medium was successfully applied for sample clean up, aiming to remove organic species containing phosphorous that caused spectral interferences by structured background attributed to the formation of PO species in the flame. Cloud point extraction of nickel complexes formed with 1,2-thiazolylazo-2-naphthol was explored for pre-concentration, with enrichment factor estimated as 30, detection limit of 5 µg L⁻¹ (99.7% confidence level) and linear response up to 80 µg L⁻¹. The accuracy of the procedure was evaluated by nickel determinations in reference materials and the results agreed with the certified values at the 95% confidence level.