On the accurate estimation of intermolecular interactions and charge transfer: the case of TTF-CA

Abstract

High-resolution X-ray diffraction experiments and state-of-the-art density functional theory calculations have been performed. The validity of the atoms-in-molecules approach is tested for the neutral–ionic transition of TTF-CA which involves a transfer of less than one electron between the donor and acceptor molecules. Foremost, crystallographical data have been reassessed along the temperature-induced neutral–ionic phase transition undergone by this charge transfer complex. Based on accurate X-ray structures at 105 and 15 K, topological analysis of both DFT and the experimental multipolar electron densities allowed detailed characterization of intra- and interstack intermolecular interactions. Direct quantification of the intermolecular charge transfer and the dipole moment are discussed.