Reaction of ethyl iodide with chloride ions. Reaction rates, transfer enthalpies of anions and specific interactions at the transition state in acetonitrile + methanol and N,N-dimethylacetamide + methanol mixtures

Abstract

Rate constants and activation parameters have been determined for the chloride ion plus ethyl iodide reaction in acetonitrile + methanol and N,N-dimethylacetamide + methanol mixtures. Enthalpies of solution have also been determined for tetraethylammonium bromide and chloride in these solvent mixtures. The single-ion transfer enthalpy of the chloride ion and of the transition-state anion have been analysed theoretically in terms of physical and specific interaction enthalpies. The specific interaction enthalpy of the transition-state anion with methanol has been evaluated as –11.0 kJ mol^–1.