Potentiometric stripping analysis of lead and tin with a continuous flow system

Abstract

The application of potentiometric stripping analysis (PSA) to simultaneous determination of lead and tin has been investigated using a continuous flow system. After plating in a strong acidic medium, the use of a suitable stripping solution allows the separation of lead and tin and their subsequent determination. A number of stripping solutions have been evaluated and their effectiveness in lead and tin signal resolution is discussed. By using deaerated ammonium citrate solution (pH 4.6) and operating with the stopped-flow mode, lead and tin can be determined at levels of 0.1 p.p.b. The optimum experimental conditions for the determination of lead and tin in fruit juices and soft drinks are also described.