Thermodynamics of solution of gaseous tetramethyltin in 36 solvents. Comparison of experimental results with cavity-theory calculations

Abstract

The standard free energy of solution of Me₄Sn(g) in 36 pure solvents has been determined by gas-chromatographic head-space analysis. Calorimetrically determined enthalpies of solution of liquid Me₄Sn have been combined with the known enthalpy of vaporisation of Me₄Sn to yield values of the enthalpy, and thence the entropy, of solution of Me₄Sn(g) in 28 pure non-aqueous solvents. It is shown that values of ΔS^°_s do not vary greatly with the non-aqueous solvent. Attempts have been made to calculate values of ΔG^°_s, ΔH^°_s and ΔS^°_s for Me₄Sn(g) in a number of solvents by use of SPT or SRMR calculations of cavity terms and Lennard-Jones or Kirkwood–Muller calculations of interaction terms. Similar calculations have been carried out for a range of non-polar, gaseous solutes in a few selected solvents.