While strong nucleophiles add to the endocyclic double bond of cyclobutenones to yield cyclobutanones, weaker nucleophiles (e.g. alcohols, aniline) interact with the vinylketens which are thermally or photochemically generated from cyclobutenones; the alcohol adducts reveal the steric course of this ring opening which is virtually irreversible for phenylated and alkylated cyclobutenones.
R. Huisgen and H. Mayr, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1976, 55 DOI: 10.1039/C39760000055
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