Recent advances and future perspectives on metal doping strategies for regulating the electrocatalytic performance of MoS2

Abstract

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) has emerged as a promising electrocatalyst owing to its distinctive layered structure, tunable electronic properties and abundant catalytic sites. However, its low intrinsic conductivity, limited active site utilization and poor catalytic stability limit its practical applications. In recent years, the catalytic performance of MoS₂ modified by metal doping has made remarkable progress. Metal doping not only induces structural changes, but also effectively modulates the reaction kinetics. In this review, we elucidate the enhancement mechanism of metal doping on the electrocatalytic performance of MoS₂, summarize the applications of metal–MoS₂ in electrocatalysis, and discuss the current crucial challenges and future research directions, which provide guidance and an outlook for the development of high-efficiency and low-cost electrocatalytic materials.