Asymmetrically channeled two-dimensional membrane for stable, selective lithium-ion transport

Abstract

Two-dimensional (2D) membranes can achieve efficient separation in various applications. Here we propose an asymmetric-channel concept for designing stable, selective ion-separation membranes. The resultant GO–TiO₂ membrane exhibits a high Li⁺/Mg²⁺ selectivity of 159.7 and fast Li⁺ flux of ∼0.4 mol m⁻² h⁻¹, as well as long-term stability up to 30 days. The design offers a general approach toward durable, high-performance 2D membranes for practical separations.