Versatile synthesis of nanosized Ni–CeO2 catalysts with tunable composition for power-to-gas applications

Abstract

This work introduces a sustainable and versatile synthesis platform for nanosized metal–ceria catalysts with tunable composition, directly relevant to renewable energy conversion and CO₂ utilization. The method enables parallel preparation of multiple catalysts in a single batch with high yield and reproducibility, while reducing environmental impact by 92% compared to conventional approaches, as demonstrated by life cycle assessment (LCA). Its general applicability is confirmed through the synthesis of CeO₂, Co–CeO₂, and Ni–CeO₂ nanomaterials with consistent structural and textural properties. Focusing on CO₂ methanation as a benchmark power-to-gas reaction, Ni–CeO₂ catalysts with different Ni loadings achieved CO₂ conversions of up to 90% with nearly 100% CH₄ selectivity, competitive with state-of-the-art systems. Operando APXPS revealed that Ni–O–Ce interfacial species and surface carbonates are key to balancing conversion and selectivity, providing fundamental insight into CO₂ activation pathways. Beyond catalytic performance, the environmentally friendly synthesis strategy aligns with net-zero energy goals by combining efficiency, scalability, and reduced resource intensity. Overall, the study establishes a sustainable nanomaterials platform for energy conversion and storage processes, bridging materials innovation with system-level sustainability.