Eutectogels as versatile platforms: design strategies and application prospects

Abstract

Eutectogels, as an emerging class of soft materials, have garnered significant interest due to the integration of the tunable properties of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) with the structural stability of gel networks, demonstrating remarkable potential in various advanced applications. Distinguished from conventional gels, eutectogels exhibit exceptional stability, high ionic conductivity, and versatile functionality, positioning them as promising candidates for next-generation materials. This review begins by outlining the fundamental synthesis strategies and unique physicochemical properties of eutectogels, emphasizing how the synergistic interactions between the DES components and the gel matrix define their characteristic performance. It subsequently elaborates on five distinct synthetic approaches for eutectogels, analyzing the underlying mechanisms that govern their formation and structure–property relationships. The applications of eutectogels are then systematically reviewed across key fields including energy storage (batteries and supercapacitors), sensing platforms, biomedical therapeutics, and optical systems. Finally, current challenges and future research directions for eutectogels are critically discussed, highlighting their transformative role in enabling sustainable and multifunctional technological solutions.