Two-dimensional Ni-BPDC MOF-nanosheet-supported low-Pt catalyst for high-performance hydrogen evolution

Abstract

Faced with a global energy crisis and environmental pollution caused by excessive fossil fuel consumption, the electrolytic decomposition of water presents a highly viable method for generating hydrogen. However, the substantial overpotential associated with the hydrogen evolution reaction calls for highly efficient electrocatalytic materials. Herein, Pt/Ni-BPDC composite electrocatalysts were fabricated by loading Pt nanoparticles onto two-dimensional Ni-BPDC metal–organic framework nanosheets through a two-step solvothermal approach. The Pt nanoparticles display an average size of approximately 2 nm and a loading content of 1.29 wt%. Electrochemical tests demonstrate their exceptional performance. The catalyst delivers a low overpotential of 25 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm⁻², exhibits a favorable Tafel slope of 36.7 mV dec⁻¹, and maintains outstanding operational stability over a continuous 48 hour period; its overall electrocatalytic performance closely rivals that of a benchmark commercial Pt/C. Density functional theory calculations indicate that the charge rearrangement between Pt and the support optimizes water adsorption and affords a hydrogen-intermediate Gibbs free energy of −0.34 eV, boosting the inherent catalytic performance. This strategy offers an effective pathway for developing electrocatalysts with low Pt loading and high activity for the alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction.