Mn-tuned active microenvironment for synergistic regulation of key intermediate adsorption in high-performance alkaline water splitting

Abstract

Achieving balanced HER/OER intermediate adsorption is crucial for alkaline water splitting. We report a Mn-doping strategy to reconstruct multimetallic phosphides’ active microenvironment, delivering low overpotentials (106 mV HER, 218 mV OER at 10 mA cm⁻²) and stable overall water splitting (1.54 V at 10 mA cm⁻² for >100 h).