Sensitive detection of hesperidin in citrus peel using nitrogen doped mesoporous carbon/metal–organic framework composite-modified electrodes

Abstract

This study synthesized nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon (NMC) using Zn-MOF-8 as a template, followed by the preparation of ZIF-08/NMC composites via π–π stacking interactions between ZIF-08 and NMC. The composite was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and electrochemical methods. The resulting ZIF-08/NMC/GCE demonstrated stable and sensitive detection of hesperidin. The modified electrode exhibited a broad linear range from 0.8 to 120 µM with a detection limit of 0.16 µM (signal-to-noise ratio ≥3). Furthermore, the sensor demonstrated excellent stability, repeatability, and interference resistance, and was successfully applied for hesperidin detection in real samples.