Piezoelectric performance of porous structure piezoceramics for Gyroids based on digital additive manufacturing technology

Abstract

This study presents the development of Gyroid minimal surface-structured piezoceramics via digital light processing (DLP) additive manufacturing technology. Piezoceramics, renowned for their ability to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, have become indispensable in modern technologies due to their high sensitivity, rapid response, and excellent stability. However, traditional processing methods relying on molds severely restrict the fabrication of complex structures and optimization of piezoelectric performance. To address these limitations, we explored DLP technology, enabling the precise fabrication of intricate geometries free from mold limitations. After establishing the mathematical model of the Gyroid structure, finite element analysis was employed to simulate and optimize its piezoelectric properties. The DLP-fabricated Gyroid-structured piezoceramics exhibited superior piezoelectric performance to conventional materials. Specifically, at a compressive strain of 3%, the average piezoelectric coefficient of the Gyroid structure reached 21.4 pC N⁻¹, while its energy harvesting quality factor improved to 1632.4 × 10⁻¹⁴ Pa⁻¹. This study not only provides a novel approach for piezoceramic design and manufacturing but also highlights the potential of DLP additive manufacturing in advancing high-performance piezoceramic materials for future technological applications.