Magnetic diatom shells: nature's blueprint for cellular transport

Abstract

The ability to move cells in space without impairing their behavior is a critical goal in the development of functional biomaterials and devices, with applications ranging from regenerative medicine to biosensing. In this study, we describe a novel approach for simultaneously displacing multiple cells using magnetized diatom shells. Highly porous biosilica shells from diatoms are functionalized through a multi-step decoration process involving ferromagnetic nanoparticles. Neuronal cells are then allowed to adhere for an appropriate duration before being moved magnetically using an external magnet. We demonstrate the safe transfer of neuron cell-loaded diatom shells by pipetting, as well as their controlled movement through twirling or along a simple fluidic channel. This proof-of-concept introduces a promising strategy for safely and efficiently relocating multiple cells simultaneously, paving the way for innovative applications in tissue engineering, biosensing, and beyond.