Boosting the efficiency and stability of two-step perovskite solar cells by a hydroxylamine-driven additive strategy

Abstract

High quality perovskite films are commonly prepared using a two-step deposition method. However, residual PbI₂ in perovskite solar cells is often associated with lower efficiency and poorer reproducibility. In this study, a multifunctional additive, N-Cbz-hydroxylamine (Cbz), is designed to enhance the quality of perovskite films. According to our results, Cbz effectively passivates defects by forming both hydrogen bonds and chemical linkages with PbI₂ and FAI, reducing trap-state density, suppressing non-radiative recombination, and aligning energy levels. Consequently, the Cbz-based perovskite solar cells demonstrate significantly improved efficiency and stability by retaining 84% of their original efficiency after 3000 hours under ambient conditions. This work presents an effective strategy for producing high-quality perovskite films, enabling the development of high-performance perovskite solar cells.