Open Access Article
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Retraction: Titanium dioxide nanoparticles induce mitochondria-associated apoptosis in HepG2 cells
Zhenglin Xiaa,
Jingliang Heb,
Bowei Lia,
Ke Hea,
Wenbing Yangc,
Xiaoxun Chend,
Jinqian Zhang*e and
Guoan Xiang*a
aDepartment of General Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, People’s Republic of China. E-mail: guoan_66@163.com
bShunde Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan 528300, People’s Republic of China
cDepartment of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an 710004, People’s Republic of China
dDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Guigang City People’s Hospital, Guigang, Guangxi 537100, People’s Republic of China
eDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, People’s Republic of China. E-mail: jingwanghou@163.com
First published on 19th February 2025
Abstract
Retraction of ‘Titanium dioxide nanoparticles induce mitochondria-associated apoptosis in HepG2 cells’ by Zhenglin Xia et al., RSC Adv., 2018, 8, 31764–31776, https://doi.org/10.1039/C8RA05132A.
The Royal Society of Chemistry hereby wholly retracts this RSC Advances article due to concerns with the reliability of the data.
There are similarities in the western blot data of the blots for α-ENaC in Fig. 12a of this article and the left-hand five blots for caspase-3 in Fig. 4a in ref. 1.
There are similarities in the western blot data of the blots for GAPDH in Fig. 12b of this article and the left-hand five blots for GAPDH in Fig. 4a in ref. 1, the left-hand five blots for GAPDH in Fig. 4c in ref. 1, and the first four blots for GAPDH in Fig. 2f and in Fig. 5c of ref. 2.
The authors were unable to provide complete raw data for this article, so we are unable to validate the integrity of this data. Given the significance of the concerns about the validity of the data, and the lack of raw data, the findings presented in this paper are not reliable.
All authors were informed about the retraction of the article. Zhenglin Xia agrees with the decision to retract this article, the other authors have not responded.
Signed: Zhenglin Xia
Date: 20th January 2025
Retraction endorsed by Laura Fisher, Executive Editor, RSC Advances
References
1 Z. Xia, X. Huang, K. Chen, H. Wang, J. Xiao, K. He, R. Huang, X. Duan, H. Liu, J. Zhang and G. Xiang, Proapoptotic Role of Potassium Ions in Liver Cells, Biomed Res. Int., 2016, 2016, 1729135, DOI: doi:10.1155/2016/1729135.
2 M. Zhang, J. Zhang, S. Liu, W. Qi, G. Lin, R. Qiu, M. Quan and J. Cheng, NS5ATP9 Suppresses Activation of Human Hepatic Stellate Cells, Possibly via Inhibition of Smad3/Phosphorylated-Smad3 Expression, Inflammation, 2015, 38, 278–289.
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