Interfacial Electronic Modulation in Heterostructured OER Electrocatalysts: A Review

(Note: The full text of this document is currently only available in the PDF Version )

Xianglong Dai , Yechen Qian , Zijia Xu , Aini Xiong , Xiaoyang Zhang , Lichao Chen and Wenyao Li

Received 19th July 2025 , Accepted 24th September 2025

First published on 25th September 2025


Abstract

This review systematically addresses the global energy crisis and environmental challenges by examining heterostructured electrocatalysts as transformative solutions for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). It establishes how interfacial electronic redistribution-manifested through d-band center modulation, built-in electric fields (BIEF), and defect engineering-optimizes adsorption energetics of critical intermediates (OH * /O * /OOH * ) to overcome intrinsic kinetic limitations. The analysis classifies heterostructures into seven categories based on compositional and architectural principles, while evaluating synthesis strategies (hydrothermal, CVD, etc.) for precise interface control. Key advantages including synergistic effects, enhanced stability, and improved mass transport are critically examined alongside fundamental mechanisms revealed through in-situ characterization and density functional theory (DFT) modeling. Current challenges in scalability, pH-adaptability, and long-term durability are addressed, with future perspectives highlighting multi-interface engineering, stimuli-responsive systems, and AI-guided design for sustainable energy conversion.


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