Issue 14, 2025

Enhanced electrochemical performance of N-doped carbon coated Na2FePO4F cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries: achieving high capacity and cycle stability

Abstract

Iron-based phosphates, known for their abundance, cost-effectiveness, and eco-friendliness, have garnered significant attention as viable cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries. However, synthesizing pure phase, high-capacity cathodes remains a substantial challenge. This research focuses on Na2FePO4F and achieves a significant enhancement in its electrochemical properties through a refined preparation process, leading to the development of Na2FePO4F@C. Initially synthesized via a sol–gel method and subsequently coated with carbon through wet grinding, Na2FePO4F@C exhibits a commendable initial discharge capacity of 121 mA h g−1 at 0.1C. Yet, it is plagued by inadequate cycle stability. To address this issue, an N-doped carbon coated Na2FePO4F@C@NC composite is developed, primarily based on Na2FePO4F@C. The successful incorporation of N atoms into the carbon layer introduces surface defects and active sites, thereby enhancing electron conductivity and bolstering the electrochemical performance. Notably, Na2FePO4F@C@10NC demonstrates a specific discharge capacity of 88 mA h g−1 at 1C and maintains an impressive capacity retention rate of 98% after 5000 cycles at 40C. Additionally, the material shows robust long-term cycle performance under 60 °C and 1C, with an initial cycle capacity of 102.1 mA h g−1. Na2FePO4F@C@NC also exhibits excellent compatibility with hard carbon in a full battery configuration, achieving a 0.1C specific discharge capacity of 80.2 mA h g−1. These findings provide valuable insights and guidance for the practical deployment of Na2FePO4F.

Graphical abstract: Enhanced electrochemical performance of N-doped carbon coated Na2FePO4F cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries: achieving high capacity and cycle stability

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
16 Jan 2025
Accepted
11 Mar 2025
First published
24 Mar 2025

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2025,27, 7356-7364

Enhanced electrochemical performance of N-doped carbon coated Na2FePO4F cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries: achieving high capacity and cycle stability

H. Zhang, M. Zhao, Z. Yu, T. Ma, H. Qiu and D. Jin, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2025, 27, 7356 DOI: 10.1039/D5CP00210A

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