Issue 29, 2023

High-performing, insensitive and thermally stable energetic materials from zwitterionic gem-dinitromethyl substituted C–C bonded 1,2,4-triazole and 1,3,4-oxadiazole

Abstract

A series of gem-dinitromethyl substituted zwitterionic CC bonded azole based energetic materials (3–8) were designed, synthesized, and characterized through NMR, IR, EA, and DSC studies. Further, the structure of 5 was confirmed with SCXRD and those of 6 and 8 with 15N NMR. All the newly synthesized energetic molecules exhibited higher density, good thermal stability, excellent detonation performance, and low mechanical sensitivity to external stimuli such as impact and friction. Among all, compounds 6 and 7 may serve as ideal secondary high energy density materials due to their remarkable thermal decomposition (200 °C and 186 °C), insensitivity to impact (>30 J), velocity of detonation (9248 m s−1 and 8861 m s−1) and pressure (32.7 GPa and 32.1 GPa). Additionally, the melting and decomposition temperatures of 3 (Tm = 92 °C, Td = 242 °C) indicate that it can be used as a melt-cast explosive. The novelty, synthetic feasibility, and energetic performance of all the molecules suggest that they can be used as potential secondary explosives in defence and civilian fields.

Graphical abstract: High-performing, insensitive and thermally stable energetic materials from zwitterionic gem-dinitromethyl substituted C–C bonded 1,2,4-triazole and 1,3,4-oxadiazole

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Communication
Submitted
10 Feb 2023
Accepted
10 Mar 2023
First published
10 Mar 2023

Chem. Commun., 2023,59, 4324-4327

High-performing, insensitive and thermally stable energetic materials from zwitterionic gem-dinitromethyl substituted C–C bonded 1,2,4-triazole and 1,3,4-oxadiazole

A. K. Yadav, M. Jujam, V. D. Ghule and S. Dharavath, Chem. Commun., 2023, 59, 4324 DOI: 10.1039/D3CC00615H

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